Which amendment protects against self-incrimination?

The Fifth Amendment is the correct choice because it explicitly includes protections against self-incrimination. This means that an individual cannot be compelled to testify against themselves in a criminal case, ensuring that they have the right to remain silent to avoid providing evidence that could lead to their own conviction. This foundational principle reflects the broader rights of individuals in the legal system, reinforcing the idea that the burden of proof lies with the prosecution and that defendants should not be forced to bear witness against themselves.

The other amendments listed do not provide this specific protection. The First Amendment, for example, focuses on the freedoms of speech, religion, press, assembly, and petition. The Sixth Amendment centers around the rights of criminal defendants, including the right to a fair trial and the right to counsel. The Eighth Amendment deals primarily with prohibitions against excessive bail, fines, and cruel and unusual punishment. Each serves a different purpose within the Constitution, but only the Fifth Amendment specifically addresses the issue of self-incrimination.