What is the purpose of habeas corpus?

The purpose of habeas corpus is fundamentally centered around protecting individual freedom from unlawful detention. This legal principle allows a person who is detained or imprisoned to challenge the legality of their detention in court. It ensures that individuals cannot be held without just cause and that there is a mechanism for judges to review the circumstances of a person's arrest or detention.

In the context of the choices provided, the emphasis on contesting unlawful detainment directly aligns with the core function of habeas corpus. It embodies the constitutional guarantee that detention must be lawful and that individuals have the right to seek relief when they believe they are being held without legal justification. This is crucial in upholding the rule of law and protecting civil liberties, as it serves as a safeguard against arbitrary imprisonment.