What is Federalism?

Federalism is defined as the division of power between national and state governments. This system allows for multiple levels of government to coexist, each with its own responsibilities and authority. The national government handles issues of national importance, such as defense and foreign affairs, while state governments manage local issues, such as education and transportation. This division helps to promote a balance of power, ensuring that no single entity has complete control over all aspects of governance.

Federalism enables states to exercise their powers independently while still being unified under the federal system. It allows for diversity in governance that can be more responsive to the local needs and conditions of each state, reflecting the principle of balance that is central to the framework of the United States Constitution. Through this structure, federalism supports both the sovereignty of states and the authority of the federal government, making it a cornerstone of American political organization.